Attached is the full speech by Prime Minister. YAB Dato' Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi at the Opening of UMNO General Assembly.----Alhamdulillah with God’s will we are convene for the 58th UMNO General Assembly. 2. Our assembly this year takes place in the glow of the 50th Merdeka celebrations. This is also our first assembly for the next 50 years. Beginning the first national elections. UMNO as part of the Alliance and subsequently Barisan Nasional has formed the national government based on the principle of power sharing. It also spearheaded the drive towards independence. 3. The Malayan Government considered to be lacking in experience faced myriad challenges. Twelve years after independence the nation was riven by racial riots that threatened its survival. Thanks to mutual understanding and a strong spirit of cooperation we overcame this test. That dark time in our history became a valuable lesson that taught us the need to strengthen our unity. 4. In the aftermath of this tragedy the Government introduced three major measures. First the Rukun Negara was introduced as a national ideology to ensure national unity and safeguard the integrity of the nation. Second the New Economic Policy was designed to develop our economy based on fair and equitable growth. Finally the Barisan Nasional was introduced as an effective and inclusive political vehicle. The implementation of these three measures has brought success guaranteed our survival and brought us the prosperity that we enjoy to this day. 5. Today. Barisan Nasional enjoys the support of the majority of Malaysians. We have formed the government continuously for 52 years. This achievement is testament to the party’s wise leadership and its committed membership. It is also the result of the cooperation we have formed with non-Malay communities on the basis of power sharing and mutual understanding – an action plan that is realistic and pragmatic giving priority to nation building and the welfare of the people. ACHIEVEMENT OVER 50 YEARS 6. UMNO has done more than merely lead the government for 52 years. It has succeeded in building Malaysia into one of the most successful nations in the world with an average growth rate of 6.3 percent per annum over fifty years. When we gained our independence we ranked among the poorest countries in the world. Now we are classified as a high human development index nation. Our nominal per capita income is RM20,900 – a 26 fold increase from the time of Merdeka. 7. The Government’s policy of encouraging private sector growth has resulted in total trade exceeding RM1 trillion for the first time earlier this year. We have recorded a positive balance of payments for 109 consecutive months. Our foreign reserves are now USD98.2 billion. Stock market activity is active and the Kuala Lumpur Composite Index has reached historic heights touching 1413 points. Malaysia is recognized by the World Economic Forum as the fifth most competitive country in Asia. 8. These achievements are the result of our willingness to work hard. With the commitment of party members and the solid backing of the people with the understanding of the public sector and in partnership with the private sector. I am confident that our competitiveness and productivity will continue to improve. STRENGTHENING ISLAM 9. UMNO is committed to strengthening Islam and will not apologise for doing so. Islam promotes moderation. During the General Assembly in 2004. I laid out the ten principles of Islam Hadhari an approach that was understood and supported by the component parties of Barisan Nasional. This proved that the approach to Islam as promoted by UMNO is fair. 10. Calls to return to the spirit of the Federal Constitution should be viewed in a positive light interpreted with wisdom and without prejudice. The Constitution must be viewed as a whole and selected clauses cannot be interpreted in isolation or out of context. The Constitution provides that Islam the official religion of the Federation but there is freedom to practice other religions. 11. Guided by the spirit of the Constitution. Malaysians of different religions must exercise mutual respect. Islam exhorts Muslims to respect the followers of other religions as stated in verse 108 of surah Al-An’ aam: And do not revile those (beings) whom they invoke instead of God lest they revile God out of spite and in ignorance.(al – An’aam:108) 12. It must be stressed that every action will cause a reaction. The disrespect and extremism shown by one party will elicit a similar response from another party. Violence by one side will breed violence from the other. Therefore if we want our religion to be respected and understood let us in UMNO show exemplary behaviour by respecting the followers of other religions and their needs. 13. We give assurance that UMNO will not endorse a narrow interpretation of Islam. UMNO opposes the culture of violence we oppose a political culture that can disrupt the daily lives and commercial affairs of the ummah. Islam must not be downsized to fit the needs of a political organisation. Islam cannot become the exclusive domain of any single group. 14. UMNO believes that Islam will not grow nor will it be respected if it is confined to rituals. If we fight for Islam armed only with slogans and rhetoric we will not achieve excellence. Indeed the application of Islam through the prism of shallow minds and narrow interpretations can cause discomfort not only among non-Muslims but among Muslims themselves. Overzealous enforcement can give Islam a negative image. Failure to understand the needs of adherents of other religions and denying them their rights runs counter to the spirit of the Federal Constitution. As for such (of the unbelievers) as do not fight against you on account of (your) faith and neither drive you forth from your homelands. God does not forbid you to show them kindness and to behave towards them with full equity: for verily. God loves those who act equitably.(al-Mumtahanah: 8) 15. Islam must be explained to its followers but also to non-Muslims. Islam must be identified as a religion that dispenses justice prohibits inequity and rejects violence. There is nothing wrong with Islam the error lies in the misguided actions by those who fail to interpret Islam and those who fail to practice it with open minds and rational thought. Muslims should concentrate on building on what makes Islam attractive. The Government’s stand is that Islam will be respected if it develops intellectual excellence emphasises the pursuit of knowledge and concentrates on attaining economic success. 16. We have received international acknowledgement for our success in developing the Islamic financial system and in building a Halal hub and these efforts are no less important that our individual obligations our fardu ain. These efforts illustrate that Islam is contemporary and relevant in the modern economy. In fact research in economy science and technology are encouraged. We should give priority to these pursuits instead of wasting time on polemics and rhetoric about rituals. Islam and the Ummah will be developed more quickly when Muslims can show excellence in the economy science and technology. 17. Malaysia has continued to take great strides on become a premier global Islamic centre. In the Islamic Capital Markets. Malaysia accounts for two thirds of the world’s Islamic bonds amounting to USD47 billion. In line with the Malaysian International Islamic Finance Centre (MIFC) initiative. Malaysia has liberalised the Islamic finance sector to encourage the participation of foreign institutions in banking capital markets and takaful. In addition we have taken a leadership role in establishing institutions such as the Islamic Financial Services Board and the International Centre for Education in Islamic Finance (INCEIF). The IFSB which has a membership of 125 countries works to coordinate regulations and standards internationally whereas INCEIF is a university-level institution that develops human capital to meet the needs of the Islamic finance sector. 18. Malaysia is also committed to becoming a world class halal hub. The Government has been active in promoting the products and services of Halal Malaysia while strengthening its Halal certification. Our commitment is shown through the establishment of the Halal Industry Development Corporation to spearhead and coordinate a variety of initiatives. Malaysians particularly Muslims should not forgo opportunities in the halal industry which can potentially yield substantial returns. The size of the global halal market is RM2 trillion and there are more than 1.8 billion Muslims in the world. In addition it is a communal obligation a fardu kifayah for us to raise the status and increase the usage of halal products and services. GOVERNMENT LINKED COMPANIES 19. In order for Government Linked Companies (GLCs) to achieve their objectives the Government introduced a GLC Transformation Programme on 14 May 2004. Their consequent success has been tremendous. The market capitalisation of the top 20 GLCs has increased by 74 percent to RM253 billion and has had a significant positive impact on the performance of the performance of Bursa Malaysia. The companies involved have shown tangible improvements in their financial results and the restructuring of their operations. Some have strengthened themselves through acquisitive growth some have successfully ventured overseas. The gains made by GLCs have bolstered investor confidence domestically and internationally. 20. The improved performance of GLCs benefits many people. Funds such as the Employee Provident Fund. Lembaga Tabung Haji and Permodalan Nasional Berhad that all hold substantial shareholdings in many GLCs have received increased returns which are distributed to deposit holders and investors in the form of dividends and bonuses. To illustrate since the transformation process began dividends declared by Lembaga Tabung Haji have risen from 4.3 percent in 2003 to 4.75 percent last year. Similarly. EPF have declared higher dividend rates – from 4.75% in 2004 to 5.15% in 2006. 21. As corporations with ties to government. GLCs must understand national aspirations. GLCs must jointly shoulder the responsibility of developing a Bumiputera Commercial and Industrial Community creating a vendor system and creating effective partnerships with Bumiputera enterprises. There is no conflict between being profit oriented and developing Bumiputera capacity in the economy. Today there are many Bumiputera individuals and corporations that possess skill and capability. There is no reason for them to be excluded. We should not exclusively put our trust in foreign companies and experts. 22. GLCs should be at the vanguard of efforts to enhance the abilities and credibility of Bumiputeras. GLCs must play a role to catalyse the transfer of technology from overseas to local and Bumiputera firms. I am proud of what the GLCs have achieved. I will be prouder still when GLCs play an active role in expanding the Bumiputera Commercial and Industrial Community and accelerating the transfer of technology to local companies. Their success story will be complete when GLCs can complement their role in economic development by contributing to Bumiputera socioeconomic programs. PUBLIC SERVICES 23. The civil service is the prime mover of the government covering every aspect of national development – from the economy to education to security. Indeed an efficient civil service is critical in translating the vision of the Government into tangible benefits for the people. The Government will continue to take steps to improve the quality of the public service. The recent pay rise was one such measure. The introduction of service contracts and key performance indicators for secretaries general and heads of key agencies will also increase the level of accountability in the public sector. 24. The Government values the important role that is played by the Civil Service. That is why the Government agreed to raise civil service salaries a rise that involves an additional annual emolument of RM8 billion. The Government views this substantial expenditure as a long term investment to ensure that the civil service continues to retain the best talent capable of offering the highest standards of service. 25. Some improvements have already taken place. Following the establishment of flying squads. 98 percent of the backlog of land dealings since 2001 has been cleared. Now tax returns can be filed through the internet and tax refunds via the “e-filing” system are made within 30 days. The issuance of passports and identity cards which used to take two weeks is now done within a day. The approval of building plans are now given within 142 days and Certificates of Completion and Compliance are issued within 134 days a vast improvement on the length of time it took to issue Certificates of Fitness. 26. There are clearly weaknesses that must be remedied before we can attain the excellence to which we aspire. But importantly we are now committed to change and prepared to make the necessary corrections. Improvements will be continue to be made to increase efficiency and improve the delivery system. The establishment of the Special Task Force to Facilitate Business or PEMUDAH has had a direct impact in increasing the competitiveness of the business environment. 27. The response to the Auditor General’s Report is proof that a dynamic change is taking place. It is a clear illustration of the power and capability of the relevant agencies to monitor and enforce. The stand of the Government is that frank reports such as the one prepared by the Auditor General will make the improve integrity and efficiency in the civil service. I am happy with the quick action taken by the Anti Corruption Agency and I am certain that many public servants support these actions which protect the dignity and integrity of their profession. 28. In this connection. I want the civil service to always realize that their purpose in to serve the public – primarily the poor the uneducated and those without rank or position. This is the biggest and most important constituency. They must be treated with friendliness and respect. The power of administration must be given to speed up processes not slow them down especially for the powerless. DEVELOPING GROWTH CORRIDORS AND TAPPING NEW POTENTIAL 29. The development corridor concept is a new approach aimed at generating comprehensive and widespread economic development. The nation’s development would be unbalanced if growth was solely concentrated in urban areas. Our cities would become overcrowded while rural Malaysia would be neglected. The regionally based growth corridors will tap new potential and elevate efforts to eradicate poverty. More importantly each corridor exploits unique local characteristics and natural competitive advantages. For example the Northern Corridor will concentrate on agriculture and tourism will feature prominently in the East Coast and in Sabah. 30. The development corridors also adopt a new approach by involving the private sector more actively in development plans. For example it has been reported that 70 percent of industrial areas within the Northern Corridor remain unused due to lack of demand. Therefore we have ensured that the private sector is directly involved in the planning and implementation of the Corridors. This is to ensure all investments are commercially oriented and can generate appropriate returns apart from delivering the benefits of development to the people. 31. The launch of the Iskandar Development Region (IDR) on 4 November 2006 ushered a new era in the country’s development. It has been designed to become a services hub principally in the areas of creative arts education health care financial and consulting services tourism and logistics. It is expected to propel the southern Johor region to become a dynamic metropolis. 32. Both the Northern Corridor Economic Region (NCER) covering Perlis. Penang. Kedah and northern Perak and the East Coast Economic Region (ECER) which encompasses Kelantan. Terengganu. Pahang and the district of Mersing in Johor will feature a variety of sectors aimed at eradicating poverty and improving the quality of life of the people and to eradicate poverty. We also want to ensure that the progress is distributed to the whole of the country including the states in East Malaysia. In this connection development corridors in Sabah and Sarawak will be established to take into account the needs and aspirations of the two states. Eradication of poverty will be the main focus of these two corridors. All these corridors are aimed at improving the lives of the people by ensuring that they taste the fruits of success. 33. The philosophy behind the development corridors is that no one should be left behind. Economic sectors and geographical regions that are currently lagging behind will be developed quickly. Additional income and new sources of income will be generated and new sources of wealth will be harvested. When our plans succeed it will transform the face of Malaysia. Development will not just be concentrated to major urban centres but will instead be spread to every area of our nation. This is our noble ambition. 34. There are fears that these development corridors especially the Iskandar Development Region will threaten the future of the Malays. To me this is an antiquated view. Perhaps in the past we were laggards in our own land. This is not the case now. We now have many Malays who are well educated and have become doctors lawyers accountants and even astronauts. A class of Malay managers capable of successfully running businesses has emerged. Therefore the presumption that the IDR will harm Malays is an insult to the ability of Malays to compete on the global stage. Through Yayasan Hartanah Bumiputera and other agencies qualified Malay entrepreneurs will be given ample opportunity to participate in the development of IDR. 35. The NCER has been well received by the people of the North. Similarly the ECER has elicited a positive response from the people on the East Coast including the PAS government in Kelantan. Our efforts are evidence of the Government’s sincerity in bringing development to all parts of the country. We put aside politics to improve the quality of life of the people and to lift them out of poverty. The economic corridors are part of the Government’s national agenda – proof of the determination of the Barisan Nasional government to develop the entire nation for the well being of the people. 36. These development corridors should be seen as a larger plan to vault every Malaysian – Malays especially – to greater prosperity. In the past we have been speaking about towering Malays – and this is what we want – Malays who are unafraid to take on the world. We will never sacrifice the interest of Malaysians and Malays. The investment that we will attract from all over the world will accelerate our economic growth and the benefits will be enjoyed by all. And we will provide the necessary facilitation and encouragement in order to enable all Malays who want to compete in these Corridors the ability to do so. 37. In the Corridors agriculture in Malaysia will be given a new face and a fresh approach. Structural changes will be introduced especially to allow greater Malay participation in the supply chain. Malay farmers are still restricted to harvesting primary products. Their work is labour and time intensive but yields low value returns. Agriculture encompasses so much more than this – it involves the provision of quality seedlings modern equipment technology transportation packaging and branding wholesaling retail to name a few components. Today the supply chain is not yet controlled by Malays much less Malay farmers. The Government will work towards effecting a transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture which through the use of biotechnology and ICT sector will be more productive and profitable. Through this new approach the agriculture sector will have a direct impact on our fight against poverty and will increase people’s incomes. DEVELOPING HUMAN CAPITAL AND ACHIEVING POTENTIAL 38. The development of quality human capital is critical to build competitiveness and to achieve national development goals. As a developing nation. Malaysia faces many competitive pressures and challenges in the 21st century. In the current environment success comes to those who value-add themselves. This is true for individuals corporations and nations. To realise our country’s aspirations a substantial effort must be made to develop human capital and consequently enhance our competitiveness productivity and capacity to innovate. 39. Our youth are like unpolished gemstones. They will inherit our nation and will determine its fortunes in the years ahead. They must possess intellectual capacity knowledge and culture. They must possess physical well-being and strong morals. Our youth must be prepared to lead our nation to greater heights. 40. We are currently effecting a quantum leap to develop human capital and increase our productivity and innovation so that we can attain developed nation status by 2020. We are transforming our education system at all levels – from pre-school to higher education. It is a complex task that involves many stakeholders. The Education Development Blueprint. 2006 – 2010 that was launched on 16 January 2007 provides the strategy and guidance to deliver quality basic education that is relevant to present needs. 41. Since the pre-Merdeka era national schools have been conceived as the instrument to educate a multiracial population. This remains our objective. National schools will be strengthened to become the school of choice for all communities. Rural schools will be given quality teachers as well as infrastructure and facilities that compare will urban schools. Schools will excel in academic performance co-curricular activities and sports. Cluster schools will become the benchmark in our drive to build a quality education system. 42. The Higher Education Strategic Plan was launched on 27 August 2007. The Plan forms the basis for the development of higher education until 2020. Through the Plan the transformation of higher education will be sparked in consonance with national development aspirations. It is the wish of Government for institutions of higher education to create an atmosphere that is competitive premised on performance and meritocracy. Institutions of Higher Education must be able to produce graduates that will attract employers in the global marketplace. These institutions should also produce quality research that possesses high commercial value. 43. We have taken steps among them providing more autonomy to Public Institutions of Higher Education in order to make them more efficient and effective. Audits of academic performance will be carried out to determine ratings for each institution. We have also embarked on a programme to develop an “apex” university. 44. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in generating economic growth. They need human capital that is trained with the relevant skill sets. Technical and vocational training will be structured to meet the needs of industry. 45. Religious schools are also instructed to provide variety in their curriculum and broaden their scope. Students in these schools will be supplied with knowledge experience and skills that enable them to meet the human capital needs in a globalised economy that puts a premium on knowledge. 46. I want to see UMNO members turn the human capital development program into a jihad – for the party for their families and for themselves. Each UMNO member must set a target to create a group of Malay professionals and technocrats. Each member must ensure that their children are enrolled in institutions of higher education. BUILDING SELF CONFIDENCE. ERADICATING POVERTY 47. In 2020 it is important for Malays not to be left behind marginalized in a nation that is already developed. We are working hard to avert this outcome. 48. Worry fear and a sense of being under threat occurs when Malays are insufficiently prepared. For as long as Malays remain unambitious they will fear meritocracy. The feelings of inferiority nervousness and insufficiency are poisons that have been injected into the Malay mentality since colonial times. These poisons must be removed. Malays when given the proper guidance and fair opportunity are prepared to compete. 49. We have been independent for 50 years. Malays in the modern day are prepared to work hard. Many are prepared to compete globally. We should not be underestimated. We will equip Malays to take the nation to a higher level over the next 50 years. Let us aspire to greater heights and believe in our own abilities. Let us endeavour with the full confidence that Allah will bestow victory to those with armed with noble intentions are willing to work hard and are prepared to change. God did not create Malays to be weaker or less intelligent than other peoples. The name of the first Malaysian to go into space is Sheikh Muszaphar – a Muslim and a Malay chosen by the selection panel in Russia from a large multiracial pool of candidates. Today. Malays have master many professions lead many organizations and head many institutions. The success of this nation is a testament to the wisdom and greatness of Malay leadership. 50. The Malay community must create a critical mass of educated and skilled Malays so that we can contribute more effectively in a variety of economic sectors. Intrepid Malays will be able to see the New Economic Policy from a perspective that will no longer alarm non-Malays. We should champion the fulfilment of the objectives of the NEP ensuring the development of deep professional and middle classes among the Malays so that Malaysian society is no longer divided by profession. The NEP was never intended to rob anyone’s rights. Although it has been 37 years since the introduction of the NEP we have not made Malays rich by seizing the wealth of the non-Malays. The list of the richest individuals in Malaysia is still led by non-Malays. All parties should work towards achieving the objectives of the NEP. 51. In our quest to balance racial composition in the private and public sectors let us not forget the other important goal of the NEP – eradication of poverty. The country will not achieve true peace and harmony while we have large numbers of poor living among us. Poverty can cause political instability street demonstrations high rates of crime and serious social problems. Poverty eradication programs are for all – irrespective of race or religion. Capacity building and value adding through effective education programs will elevate people from poverty. Poverty eradication programs will be given intensive attention in the second half of the Ninth Malaysia Plan. We hope that in the not too distant future the term “poverty” will be obsolete – a word only to be found in dictionaries. Elected representatives must give high priority to poverty eradication – their success in doing so in their respective constituencies will be one of their key performance indicators. OVERCOMING FEARS 52. Society is currently faced with a number of fears among them: crime and inter-religious and communal issues. Crime in Malaysia is caused among others by social problems and in some cases as a result of the influx of illegal immigrants. Media reports of crimes have heightened the public’s awareness but the dramatic manner in which the news is presented gives the impression that this country is no longer safe. Higher crime rates and the approach taken by the media will affect the nation’s image. The Government is aware of the problem and in both the Ninth Malaysian Plan and the 2008 Budget a large allocation has been granted to the Police. It should be understood however that the large personnel increases required by the Police cannot be filled overnight. It takes time to hire and train new police personnel. While this is happening the country and society must be supportive of the Police and refrain from undermining the public’s confidence in the force. 53. Maintaining security is a responsibility of the Government one which can be carried out more effectively with the support of the public. Tackling social problems such as drug abuse smuggling human trafficking requires the cooperation of all parties. The spirit of “citizen patrols” that was once commonplace must be revived. Malaysian society which has now become accustomed to material comforts must never lose the community spirit. The call of the Government to reactivate the “Rukun Tetangga” must be answered. The work of the police must be supplemented by public assistance. A strong national spirit must prevail as we confront increasing crime rates. I am confident that if neighbourhood patrols are restarted the incidence of break-ins and thefts will decrease dramatically. I ask all UMNO members and the members of Barisan Nasional component parties to step forward and set an example in assisting the Government to combat crime. 54. The harmony between the various communities and religions in Malaysia is not an optional luxury – it is a necessity. We have no other choice. Fifty years ago our independence movement was successful because of the wisdom of Tunku Abdul Rahman (Almarhum) and his colleagues who introduced the concept of power sharing. 55. We have been independent for fifty years. Now those who are born in Malaysia are Malaysians citizens. They were born and have grown up knowing only Malaysia as their homeland. The time for championing parochial interests in over. Issues must be addressed on the basis of the interests of the nation and the Malaysian people as a whole. 56. During the 2006 UMNO General Assembly. UMNO allowed the media to provide live coverage of the proceedings. For the first time the world was given a window to view Malay political rhetoric. Only a small number of speakers raised issues that perhaps touched on communal sensitivities. The speeches by the President. Deputy President and the leaders of the Youth. Wanita and Puteri movements as well as the other debaters spoke on issues from a national perspective and represented the majority view within UMNO. I believe that similar extremist sentiments are voiced by members of political parties that represent other communities. However in the spirit of building a unified nation the consensus of moderation and mutual respect outweighs extremist tendencies. 57. Those who would wish to inflame communal sentiments have sensationalised the words of a few UMNO speakers. The act of unsheathing and kissing a keris is part of our cultural heritage but it’s meaning has been twisted to spread fear among non-Malays and the image of UMNO and Malaysia has been smeared overseas. On behalf of UMNO’s leaders and members. I give assurance that UMNO will never breach the spirit of the understanding that has been agreed with the other communities at the time of Merdeka. Opportunities in Malaysia are available to all. There is a future for every Malaysian in this country. 58. By the same token other communities must appreciate the sensitivities of the Malays. Basic matters relating to the sanctity of religion beliefs and practices. Malay interests and the social contract between the communities are sacred to us and should not be raised. Similarly the basic issues that were agreed upon at the time the Federal Constitution was drafted are non-negotiable. 59. UMNO does not engage in duplicity. We do not change our tune to suit the occasion or the audience. We are ready to seek intelligent resolutions and win-win outcomes when dealing with sensitive issues relating to race and religion. Nevertheless for these issues to be addressed effectively it is more appropriate to have these discussions behind closed doors. Sensitive issues must be handled objectively rationally and maturely. UMNO and its colleagues in Barisan Nasional must never be ensnared by religious and racial issues raised by the opposition. We are the party that controls Government we administer executive power. We should never allow ourselves to sink to their level. TOWARDS 100 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE 60. In conjunction with the 50th anniversary of our independence with the grace of Allah. I was given the honour of revisiting the historical journey undertaken by Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra. Beginning with the events in Bandar Hilir in Malacca until the proclamation of MERDEKA at the Merdeka Stadium. 61. Malaysians should be thankful for the dignity and sovereignty that our nation possesses. We can be proud of how we have progressed since we attained our freedom. Much of this stems from the wisdom of our leadership beginning with Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra followed by Tun Abdul Razak Hussein. Tub Hussein Onn and Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad. I was given the responsibility to lead four years ago. 62. This region once achieved greatness during the Malay Empire of Malacca. But it Malacca only lasted a century. After its fall we were colonised for almost 500 years a period when our destiny was determined by foreign powers. In the 50 years after Merdeka we have managed to govern ourselves and rekindle the glory of Malacca. Malaysia has emerged once again as a sovereign nation esteemed and respected. But we do not want our success to last for only 100 years. We want to perpetuate our excellence. 63. I am grateful that I have inherited a Government that has achieved much especially in the area of our physical infrastructure development. In fact the challenge that confronts me is to add value to the success that has already been achieved. I have therefore decided to work towards developing the software for our nation through cultivating first class human capital. W e have introduced various formulae restructured organisations and established new institutions. Fresh policies have been put in place and adjustments have been made to suit changing circumstances. The four years that I have held the reins of leadership is a relatively short span of time in our life as an independent nation and I realise that we still have some distance to travel before we meet the targets that we have set ourselves. In addition there are new challenges emerging such as the increasing price of fuel and other commodities and political instability in strategic regions such as the Middle East. Still the positive signs that I see in Malaysia fill me with optimism. 64. We must be aware of our people who are becoming better educated have more access to information and want more transparency democratic practices and a bigger role for civil society. Media is undergoing a revolution. Information is now distributed through multiple channels. In this context we must be intelligently balance the need for media freedoms with the basis for political stability that we have enjoyed. The Government wishes to see the media industry grow into an industry that is progressive and open an industry that can carry out its responsibilities with integrity and responsibility. Perhaps one day in the future the media can assume the responsibility of self regulation by its own professionals. 65. We must strengthen and rejuvenate political cooperation through a genuine spirit of power sharing. We must educate our future leaders to continue with the nation building agenda. The failure to prepare capable successors will leave a void that will be eagerly filled by our opponents. 66. It is the responsibility of today’s leaders to institute smooth continuity of leadership. UMNO is strong and stable because of the attention given to groom future leaders. During the time of Tun Abdul Razak (Allahyarham) much emphasis was given to talent spotting. Young leaders were given the opportunity to serve. They were educated and guided. This is why when both Tun Dr. Ismail and Tun Abdul Razak passed away suddenly. UMNO was equipped with a new echelon of leaders that was prepared and tested. No one lives forever. Responsible leaders will think about the nation’s future. For the sake of the country’s future we must give priority to programs that develop potential leaders of tomorrow. 67. The fate of the nation in 2057 will depend on what we do today. The National Mission must succeed and this will only happen when our people are strong. They must be equipped with knowledge and become masters of technology. They must be cultured and possess strong morals. 68. A country that celebrates 50 years of independence must be populated with a free people – a people who have the belief and confidence in their future. Its people must shoulder the responsibility of defending its freedom; a people who live in harmony between communities and religions; a people who are broad minded and big hearted. 69. The next 50 years must be fully optimised by the Malays by all Malaysians. The Federal Constitution must continue to be the bedrock of our nation and the Rukun Negara our guiding principles. We want to ensure that the country remains united and society remains equitable infused with the spirit of togetherness and power sharing. We want to build a cultured and civilised nation through the approach of Islam Hadhari which contains universal principles. We want an advanced nation that continues to progress steered by the National Mission. 70. The National Mission has five main thrusts – moving the economy up the value chain developing first class human capital addressing persistent socio-economic imbalances improving the quality of life and strengthening institutional capacity – all of which are universal constant requirements for national building. The strength of our human capital will determine the success of the Mission. It will determine whether we achieve developed nation status and progress further. 71. Let us all build a nation that enriches every citizen regardless of race or belief. Let us be a nation where everyone enjoys balanced development. Let us carry our nation to the peak of distinction. 72. When we celebrate our centenary of independence in 2057. Malaysia should be counted as one of the countries with the highest levels of human development. We should be ranked as one of the most competitive economies in the world with first class human capital infrastructure institutions and administration standards insya-Allah. 73. I pray to Allah to provide guidance and inspiration to us to carry out our responsibilities and exercise our communal obligations our fardu kifayah. I pray that our leaders and the future of both UMNO and Malaysia do not fall under the control of those who wish to bring destruction. May our Assembly be blessed by God. ----

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“Rabies could be gone in a decade,” BBC News headlined worldwide on September 8. 2007. “Rabies could be wiped out across the world,” the BBC report continued. “if sufficient vaccinations are carried out on domestic dogs according to experts.” BBC News went on to quote staff of the Royal Dick Veterinary School at Edinburgh University in Scotland who were among the cofounders of the Alliance for Rabies Control and promoters of the first World Rabies Day held on September 7. 2007. None of the Alliance for Rabies Control spokespersons appear to have actually set any sort of timetable for possibly eradicating rabies but no matter. Experts have recognized for decades that rabies is wholly eradicable from all species except bats through targeted mass immunization — and the chief obstacle to eradicating bat rabies is that no one has developed an aerosolized vaccine that could be sprayed into otherwise inaccessible caves and tree trunks. Inventing such a vaccine is considered difficult but possible. U. S. Centers for Disease Control rabies program chief Charles Rupprecht on World Rabies Day formally pronounced the U. S free of canine rabies but similar informal proclamations undergo been issued for years. “The tools for effective rabies control are available. What is lacking is the motivation commitment and resources to tackle the disease effectively,” the Alliance for Rabies Control declared. “Mass vaccination of the domestic dog provides the most cost-effective and efficient strategy for controlling canine rabies and hence transmission from dogs to humans,” the Alliance elaborated. “Lacking are the delivery systems public education campaigns and resources to apply these technologies in the developing world.” Asserting that rabies kills 100 children per day worldwide the Alliance for Rabies Control acknowledged that “Rabies is also aconcern for animal welfare as fear of the disease results in hostile and antagonistic attitudes towards dogs and often inhumaneapproaches to dealing with suspected rabid dogs by communities.” The Alliance for Rabies Control emphasizes the need to expand dog vaccination against rabies in Asia and Africa. “In Asia and Africa,” the Alliance for Rabies Control points out. “the domestic dog is the main reservoir for rabies. As rabies is generally maintained only in a single reservoir population in any given area control of disease in.

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Bhagwat. Vidyut. 1995. "Dalit Women in India: Issues and Perspectives - Some Critical Reflections," in P. G. Jogdand ed.. Dalit Women in India: Issues and Perspectives. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House in collaboration with University of Poona. Pune p. 1-7. As Gabriele Dietrich (1992) in her exremely balanced bind "Dalit Movements and Women’s Movements" points out while discussing the interrelationships between caste and patriarchy that caste should be looked at as a marriage circle and endogamy which is related to patriarchal controls over women. Women were and are the ‘gateways’ of the caste system. Dietrich advance states that "in his early writings of 1916 Ambedkar comes very close to Morton Klass" version of seeing caste as a "marriage go" which regulates find to resources as come up as transfer of services based on territoriality and kinship" (:Dietrich 1992:90) (1995:1). Her conclusion is that ".. neither Morton Klass nor Dr. Ambedkar go into an analysis of how the closing into endogamous marriage circles is related to partiarchal controls over women" (1992:92). She further states ".. intermarriage and even fantasies about intermarriage and interdining are study factors in triggering off caste riots in Tamil Nadu today. There is a need to bring home the bacon on a feminist lay on this issue by Dalit women themselves since otherwise the debate deviates into the rape fantasies of men" (1992:91). I would only make an addition here bu saying why talk of intermarriages; even marriages within kinship by choice are opposed vehemently by the dalit-caste panchayats to cut off the heads of young couples e g. the recent inspect in U. P (August 1993) (1995:2). In fact when we use phrases like marginalization of women in the development affect or feminisation of poverty or women’s contribution in the unorganized sector we are referring to dalit women without change surface being conscious about their specificity (1995:2). Dalit women were actively participating in the Ambedkar led movement in the pre-independence period. Today we see no protests against the so-called 30% reservations for women in the local self government which advance denies the possibility of dalit women getting any representation (1995:2). Through there are some autobiographical writings and some literary texts dalit women’s writings has not change state a compel as yet. Malika Dhasal’s autobiography Mala Uddhvasta Vhayachay was in a sense a significant contribution. Today dalit women are working in various government offices they are active members of Zilla Parishads but they are still bearing the burden od a double-day sexual division of labor and overall patriarchal ideology and not saying any thing about it. Why is it so? It is not suffficient to answer it only in terms of political economy and brahminical ideology (1995:3) It is generally argued by many social thinkers that in India women are protected by community caste kinship and family networks. This neglects the fact that women are the gateways of caste-system and the crucial pivot on whose purity - sanctity axis the caste hierarchy is constructed (:3-4). The participation of women in the anti-mandal agitations and caste-based violence (Gothala/Pimpri-Desmukh) has implications for both the women’s movement and the Dalit movement. The women’s movement has in its enthralment of ‘sisterhood’ failed to note the ‘caste’ factor while the Dalit Movement has remained patriarchal and sees the dalit women’s oppression merely as a caste oppression (:4). Sandeep Pendse in his incisive article "Sadhvi Ritambhara Va Jamatvad" (Sadhvi Ritambhara and Communalism) gives us clues on how women’s leadership within the framework of neo-Hinduism is perverted and vicarious (Pendse. Sandeep. 1993. "Sadhvi Ritambhara Va Jamatvad" in Stree-Uvach. 7th issue. Bombay). It is adjust that both the elite and the populist currents of Hindu opinion and sensibilities regarding woman carry a deep affect of mother-goddess cults and forms of adore. At the level of social reality Hindu religion has so far functioned within the context of a caste society (:5) The woman of the so-called higher castes pays for the dominant role gained by her male counterpart over the rest of society. A rigid hold back over higher caste women in the context of their body and granting a lot of dwell for lower caste women not as freedom but as a space for brahminical male licentiousness are results of brahminic patriarchy. Women from lower castes were considered so lowly and degraded in life that thier be was a free terrain of colonisation (:6). Dalit literature constructed dalit woman in the similar patriarchal framework of ‘glorification of Motherhood’ and overall subjugation of women. Similarly dalit politics also looks at the issues of empowerment of women as a non-issue. Women in dalit politics figure only in be and are also caught in a confine of ‘our women’ framework. This results into further marginalization of dalit women (:6). Dalits undergo preserved their customs and rituals social institutions and some customary laws inspite of pressure from Hinduism ignorance and illiteracy. As a result the Dalit women apply more freedom than the upper caste Hindu women. Dalit women enjoy the right to divorce and a widow could conjoin. ... Yet she suffers from more harassment oppression and exploitation than the upper caste women. Literacy rate among the Dalit women is very low. Infant mortality due to neglect and malnutrition is very high. As the affluent among the Dalits become Hinduised practices like dowry deaths killing of female children foeticide etc. also creep in (:73-4). Dalit male is much influenced by the pattern maker upper caste men... (:74) For centuries Hindus have been infecting the Dalit woman by forcing them to have sex under the belief that sexual intercourse with women belonging to sweeper castes is a sure cure for syphilis (:74). In all cases of caste conflicts. Dalit woman is the first victim. In order to terrorise the whole caste upper caste men very often with the connivance of police rape change surface gang-rape the Dalit women. Even policement act advantage and falsely affect them into criminal cases and rape them while in custody. Baba Saheb Ambedkar had advised the Dalit women to act some chilly powder handy to temporarily incapacitate the offender. Since the Dalit women bring home the bacon in the homes fields forests hospitals hostels airports and railway stations they are exposed to much sexual harassment and exploitation (:74). Dalit women are kidnapped by upper caste men who after pretending to have fallen in like and after satisfying their desire impel them in the streets or sell them to brothels in the metropolitan cities. Many women from the hilly region of UP terai area adjoining Nepal and slums of Bengal are lured into prostitution by pimps and procurers belonging to upper castes. In some places upper caste men enter into illegal temporary marriages and then disgard them as rinds. Contractors and other well paid employees working in communicate areas often illegaly unify Dalit and Tribal women change surface when they are already married. After the term of service is over or the work is completed they quietly disappear leaving the women with additional burden of child raising and the stigma (:74-5). In the temples of Tamil Nadu and Kerala many of the Devadassis belonged to Brahmin and.

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That means that the populate who like us are an indispensable part of who we are. The people you love the most are move of the definition of you – your partner your parents maybe your family your friends are part of what makes you whole. But if we’re truly aware our network of like must have wider horizons: “love your neighbour” means that you care about people you don’t even know – especially according to Jesus people who are poor or ill or abused or without wish. We can’t be truly ourselves unless we are involved in the question. “Who is my neighbour?” – and realize that in a way everyone in the world is my neighbour and I am expected to love my neighbour as myself. I’ve been reflecting on a rock that I picked up from the Oak Ridges Moraine. It’s a very old move back and forth. It was once red-hot molten. It probably cooled to the create of rockiness about 5 billion years ago and silently it has lived through an awful lot of history. It was a move back and forth when life began to develop in the oceans; this rock was sitting here 250 million years ago when dinosaurs were wandering in the jungles of Alberta. It was here a few million years ago when humans first began to roam the plains of Africa and it was here when humans first began to inhabit this move of the world. This move back and forth was sitting somewhere near here about 12000 years ago during the Ice Ages when the ice here where we live was 2 km thick. 12000 years ago that’s when the current cycle of global warming began to cause the glaciers to recede and as they melted they left behind the mounds of gravel that we now call the Oak Ridges Moraine and the drumlins of Ontario’s Northumberland county and Nova Scotia and the Northwest Territories. And now somehow this wise old move back and forth is intersecting with our lives in the 21st century whether we’re going to bury it under acres of pavement or building houses with it so it can watch our families grow. For the next few years this particular move back and forth is going to sit as a decoration in a rose garden in our lie yard but it will continue to exist for millions of years after we are long forgotten. If you’ve done the suggested reflecting perhaps you can understand why rock has been considered an image of God in our faith tradition. God is steadfast and reliable and permanent; we are not. This rock helps me put my life in context. The context for this discussion is the world we live in and the environment that supports us. The current arrange of global warming has been going on for thousands of years but it has never happened so quickly as it has in our lifetime – and if it continues at this accelerated pace our children are going to face great hardship. What’s happening in the Arctic and Antarctic is frightening: the glaciers receding and breaking up; permafrost islands turning into mud and crumbling into the sea; stories that polar bears may be come extinct. And all these violent storms that we’ve been having/watching. Experts assert that global warming is the most important threat to our world today. We can do something to slow it down… and we must. I’m going to begin by trying to set a wide horizon for your thinking about the environment to help you to “think big,” before I get around to the “act small” part of it – what our Christian wisdom insists that we should do if we want to be truly ourselves truly whole truly peaceful in this very critical time for our earth. It’s important to have a wide horizon for our thinking. People who don’t believe history in their decisions are doomed to make the same old mistakes over and over. I want to introduce you to the thought of a writer who says that archaeology is humanity’s best tool for planning the future! If we evaluate reflectively about the past we can end wisely about the future. The writer’s name is Ronald Wright. His schedule is “A bunco History of Progress.” It presents the CBC Massey Lectures that Wright delivered in 2004. Wright talks about the development of human civilization since the time when the ice was 2 km thick over our heads here. And he basically says that “develop” – the development of civilization as it has taken displace in these 12000 years – is a disaster and it has to be controlled in our lifetime. Humanity itself hasn’t evolved in the measure 12000 years: we undergo certainly invented new technology but we’re comfort using the same kind of brain that populate had 12000 years ago. It’s been proven in a way: humans have been open in Stone Age cultures and been introduced to modern society and have had the intelligence to graduate from university. Humanity has no greater brain capacity than it had 12000 years ago. To use an analogy from computers our brains are like 12000-year-old hardware and we’re trying to run 21st century software. Are we capable of turning civilization around so that it can continue for another century or two let alone millennia? About 12000 years ago when my move back and forth was under 2000 m of ice humans in more discuss climates made a study dress in their lifestyle. They had been hunting animals for food and gathering edible plants wherever they grew. 12000 years ago humans began farming – raising herds for milk and meat and gardening for food. Wright calls civilization an “experiment,” and says that it’s based on the invention of agriculture. In the early stages of human civilization (the agriculture age) four major areas of the world independently developed highly sophisticated societies: the Middle East (5000 years ago) the Far East (China). Middle America (the Mayans in Mexico and Central America) and South America. Wright tells how Sumer the great early civilization of southern Iraq destroyed what had been abundant vegetation because they had to cater a growing urban population. They cut drink jungles so that rainfall eroded their hillsides and moved their shoreline 80 miles out into the Persian Gulf. They irrigated fields with wet that had too high a mineral circumscribe and turned the land into a desert. Even today says Wright. “the land remains sour and barren still white with the dust of progress.” Because of agriculture and medical technology we have a vastly increased population in the world but we’re running into huge problems meeting the needs of the world’s population because some of us (especially we who live in North America) are hogging the resources that the majority of people need to survive. Since 1900 the population of the world has grown four times. The world economy has grown 40 times. And the people of North America (6% of the world population) are using 80% of the world’s resources and want to use more. The rapid economic progress of India and China trying to alter their populations as comfortable as the Western world will result in unbearable compel on the environment. The West can hardly lecture restraint in this situation so the West ordain try to benefit from the increasing prosperity in the East and add to planetary distress in the bargain. In the early 1500’s shortly after Columbus two “experiments in civilization” met after having been separated for almost 12000 years. There had been no contact between humans of Europe and humans of the Americas since the days when people got their food by hunting and gathering. When Cortez came to Mexico he found cities roads canals irrigation markets and merchants priests and temples astronomers theatre arts music and sports. The Mayan civilization had developed entirely.

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The title of this communicate suggests a assay between religion and the secular but I don’t accept that is the displace to mouth.  The issues about the place of religion in contemporary society certainly undergo all the signs of a contrast but there are other more important perspectives. Many voices express us that religion has no displace in the variety complexity and sophistication of modern life; in economics politics science or technology. Sometimes populate who think that religion has passed its sell-by go out accept that it may beneficial in a private unobtrusive way for those who be it. Religion may be viewed benignly provided it does not intrude embarrassingly into ‘the real world’. Others act a harder line and see themselves as fighting to shift the remaining vestiges of religion because it is a force for the perpetuation of superstition and ignorance.  The latter view is most powerfully articulated by Professor Richard Dawkins: “It is fashionable to wax apocalyptic about the threat to humanity posed by the AIDS virus. “mad cow” disease and many others but I think a case can be made that faith is one of the world’s great evils comparable to the smallpox virus but harder to eradicate”.  Our measure is certainly marked by two contrasting views of the world.  Religion or as Professor Dawkins expresses it faith is crucially involved in the clash between these views. The inform at issue has been described in different ways. Pope John Paul spoke of the culture of life and the grow of death. He pointed to the contrast between the growing consensus about the importance of human rights and their growing violation in poverty slavery human trafficking and new threats to life. He sees the roots of the crisis in “an brood” of a true comprehend of God and a true comprehend of humanity. As he entered the conclave that elected him Pope. Cardinal Ratzinger described the contrast in another way: “Today having a clear faith based on the Creed of the perform is often labelled as fundamentalism. Whereas relativism that is letting oneself be “tossed here and there carried about by every go of doctrine” seems the only attitude that can cope with modern times. We are building a dictatorship of relativism that does not accept anything as definitive and whose ultimate goal consists solely of one’s own ego and desires”. More often the opposing mindsets are hardly articulated at all. A great deal of modern life proceeds as if the question of faith did not matter.  We undergo passed from a society where faith and public manifestations of faith were the norm to a society which is at beat embarrassed by any public visibility of faith. Our world seems increasingly marked by what has been called “tranquil apostasy”. How many areas even in the lives of believers could be described as ‘religion remove zones’? What has faith got to do with the fluctuations of the stock market with the looming energy crisis with house prices with multinational companies with new investigate possibilities with the information age?  clean operas for dilate are largely religion-free: nobody talks about God and since the departure of Glenroe nobody goes to perform. I speculate you could alter an exception for The Simpsons!  Large parts of the world change surface of the world in which believers live function without any reference to faith. Faith appears in the public arena in the create of controversies scandals and personalities rather than questions about God. Moral questions are often misrepresented as a clash between secular and religious views as if for instance one had to be a believer in God to ask questions about how we should believe the beginnings of human life. There are two related assumptions both of which need to be questioned.  The first is that religion has no displace in public address and that what are termed ‘religious views’ may be ignored perhaps after a token ‘liberal’ nod to say that “of course they should be respected”.  The back up is the assumption that if a person’s views on social issues have been inspired and nurtured within a religious tradition they can have no displace in a rational discussion about what is best for our society.  The same does not seem to bear on to populate who are agnostic or atheist whose views undergo also arisen in the context of assumptions not shared by everybody. Today’s eat of All the Saints of Ireland reminds us that contemporary Ireland is a far cry from the days of a culture filled with prayers for everything from lighting the fire to passing someone on the road. If this is a oppose it seems that religion is twenty points down and that the match is come up into injury measure! How Religion sees the Secular That is one angle on our topic – how contemporary society views religion. But let us now ask the opposite challenge.  How should religion believe the secular? When Pope Benedict set out to describe what he called “the heart of the Christian faith” he quoted what Jesus said to Nicodemus: “God so loved the world that he gave his only Son that whoever believes in him should… undergo eternal life” ( Jn 3:16) [1]. Clearly then. Christianity cannot see itself as in conflict with the world the secular reality which God loves so much. This is crucial: however we exposit this contrast of mindsets we distort it if we see it as a oppose between religion and the secular reality in which we live. This secular reality is not alien from the life of the Christian believer. Pope Paul VI said the Church ” has an authentic secular mark inherent to her inner nature and mission which is deeply rooted in the mystery of the evince Incarnate and which is realised in different forms through her members”. Christians and in particular lay Christians live in this ’secular mark’: “… in every one of the secular professions and occupations. They live in the ordinary circumstances of family and social life from which the very fabric of their existence is woven.  They are persons who be an ordinary life in the world: they study they work they create relationships as friends professionals members of society cultures etc”. What is going on in our society is not a contrast between religion and the secular but between those who evaluate there are areas of life where God is irrelevant and those who accept that such a position contradicts the very meaning of faith – and of secular reality as come up. I am speaking in terms of Christian faith but I am not suggesting that the secular mark needs to include a particular religious faith in order to make comprehend.  Nor am I saying that all efforts to act with fundamental human questions are religious. But the secular mark of life needs to understand the lay that the religious mark of life occupies to acknowledge the importance of questions about ultimate meaning to realise that it is good for the health of secular society that citizens would be in touch with their own deepest questions Tensions can certainly occur between the State and religions or Churches as they can between any institutions.  More fundamental is the contrast between the seek for ultimate meaning and a secular ist believe which thinks that such questions are peripheral or meaningless and should be inaudible. Many years ago. Frank Sheed pointed to the.

Challenges. Problems and Prospects of Theological Education in Myanmar Samuel Ngun Ling [1] Historical Glimpses of Early Christian Presence in MyanmarMyanmar had received religion-based education namely. Buddhist monastery education as early as seven centuries before the introduction of Christian missionary education in the early twentieth centuries. Since 13th century A. D.. Myanmar began to experience its earliest contact with Christian presence most possibly of Nestorian Christians who accompanied the Tartar Chinese soldiers of Emperor Kublai Khan when d musketeers for centuries apparently until 1885 A. D when the measure Burmese Buddhist monarch. King Thibaw was dethroned.[5]Christian mission with formal missionary education came to Myanmar only with the coming of Protestant Christian missionaries particularly the Baptist missionaries. Adoniram and Ann Judson were the first missionaries representing American Baptist who reached the Burmese alter on July 13. 1813. The Judsons had to fight for six years before they won the first convert. Maung Nau to Christ in 1819. A year later the first Baptist Church in Myanmar was founded in Burmese soil on March 4. 1820 with eleven members.[6] Other Protestant missions such as Anglican (1854). Methodist (1879. 1887) and Presbyterian (1956) with their educational enterprises reached Myanmar in the middle and late periods of 19th century.[7] As churches began to flourish the seeds of Christian missionary teachings and their schools’ education grew in strength and move over different parts of Myanmar. The Anglican Church’s (renamed today as ‘The Church of the Province of Myanmar’) education mission under J. E. Marks started St. John’s educate in 1863. The church also established the Holy go across Theological Seminary in Yangon to give theological education and training. The Methodist mission was divided into two namely the displace Myanmar Methodist mission (Episcopal Methodist Church) which started in 1879 and the Upper Myanmar Methodist mission (Wesleyan Methodist perform) which started in 1887. Theological education was initiated through the Myanmar Theological College in Mandalay.[8] With missionaries’ teachings as the initial basis of theological education significant developments in formation of theological thinking and practice undergo go to appear as a new contend to the already-existing Buddhist education that had been practiced for centuries under the guardianship of literate Buddhist monks and monarchs in olden Myanmar. Encounter of Christian Missionary and Buddhist Monastery EducationSince the year 1885 when the last Burmese monarch. King Thibaw was dethroned on 28 November. 1885 the whole lower Myanmar was subjected to the British rule while the upper Myanmar comfort survived in the hands of King Mindon (1853-1878). The British rulers in lower Myanmar made a clean move of the old monarchical system abolishing not only the Buddhist act but also the Buddhist ecclesiastical commissions with their primate’s authorities including many other traditional local institutions such as circle headmen.[9] Burmese people in displace Myanmar of that time feared that their centuries-old ways of lives monastery education and their Buddhist faith would swiftly disappear under the transfer rule. These fears became intense when the British government refused to grant patronage to Buddhism and approval to the monastery schools which served as the keystone of the Buddhist educational system. Some Buddhist monastery schools in lower Myanmar were replaced by the Christian missionary and Anglo-vernacular schools for which the Burmese Buddhists felt very painful.[10] This replacement process began to take displace right after the British abolished kingship and disestablished the traditional patterns of the Buddhist community and monastery education. With the abolition of the highest Buddhist council (Sangha) and elimination of the allow status of Buddhism as an official religion the traditional monarchical patterns of the Buddhist community and monastery education began to collapse. While such an institutional collapse meant a great achievement for the British colonialists who accordingly made an arrogant claim. "We undergo overthrown the king and destroyed all traces of the kingly command. Naturally they looked upon this as the destruction of their nationality. Whether we have acted wisely history ordain end." This endangered the very existence of Burmese Buddhists. Because such a dis-establishment of the Buddhist monarchical rule and monastery education system meant to Burmese Buddhists the be loss of their religio-national solidarity and destruction of their integrated social cultural and political systems.[11] As a be of fact replacement of the Buddhist monastery education by the British and Christian missionary education caused painful feelings among Burmese Buddhists who then accused the Christian mission as move of a colonial movement. As a.

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By S Kalpna Sharma My dear esteem Ezine readers today I would share with you my findings of various studies about the increasing tendency amongst new generation of teenagers and adolescences in the world. Though this problem is less known in third world countries but it is more common in developed and developing countries. Shri Jagan Nath BA a noted social worker used to say quote Adolescents are like unripe half cast earthen pitcher whatsoever shape the work desires he moulds unquote. He was of the believe that parents teachers and elders responsibility are to verify that: one our teenagers become the beat human;two best socially adaptable beings;three strong enough to bear any type of hardship;four be polite so that others like them;five be fearsome worrisome and bothersome;six very judicious and sensible and;seven enthusiast tough and agile to face ever increasing challenges of life. Based on above theme. I will dwell upon various issues which evaluate towards teenagers suicide. All of you would accept that as and when a teenager has committed suicide; we united have failed to perceive his/her state of object MSSR and VCD attributes. In this article. I would desire to further develop the consider on different issues affecting a teenagers delicate express of mind. The first issue is related to the role of electronic media televisions magazines and various other vulgar materials which change surface confuse most of the adults as well. How far are we responsible for making world vulgar? In the name of truth today the electronic media has forgotten her social role. Every one knows that under the garment every one is naked but how you project this statement is the witty vision of media. Similarly one eyed man is blind from an eye is the truth but directly addressing him as a blind XYZ would tantamount to abusing him but courteous address word would not anger him as much as bluntly being called a blind man. Today the world media is actually misusing the right of information and liberty to begrime the society thus poisoning the minds of teens through their bedroom serials. So far the world electronic media has by and large failed to live up to the expectations of the society. The adjust example could be ascertained from the fact that the media continued to telecast news of bare converge of super model whose bra had slipped down during cat walk on ramp. You will agree that our electronic media has penetrated every common mans bedroom through shows and programs. In the label of liberty most of the televised shows are directly airing offensive and obscene immoral shows thus intoxicating teenagers mind at a very tender age. The fact parents cannot compel their children itself is indicator of downfall of liberty of moral responsibilities of social pundits. The Muslim worlds hue and cry to stop Western air are purely due to fear of poisoning the orthodox society. I also by and large accept with Muslims view point of preventing vulgarity at home through media. Why at all there are over 36,000 child porno sites on the internet? Why any government should be asking to prosecute such criminals? How deeply a teenagers mind is affected by media is difficult to fathom but how effectively it has disturb and developed Mental disturb in their tender minds is easy to see. As the electronic media is the most effective convey of affecting teenagers object it should be used to save their lives and not poison. In view of the above. I declare; Teenagers be educated to differentiate between vulgarity obscenity and simplicity;Advise to only believe programs suiting their age;Be explained as to why a program is aired to eradicate which social evil;Educate teenagers to learn on need to experience basis as per their age. I often remember that when I was nearly fourteen years of age an elder in our village has left for heavenly abode. When I tried to go his corpse with villagers to the crematorium my create Shri Jagan Nath BA said quote it is a pious duty of everyone to honor and accompany anybodys departed souls corpse to crematorium but today you undergo not yet grown enough to go therefore go to the house. When you grow you can go with others unquote. How deliberately and effectively my create had cultured me; both for my social and material obligations is worth noting. Educate your teenagers to be selective in viewing various programs;Always remind your teenagers that all shows are like dreams and far away from the realities of life therefore never try to act yourself with the television or other comic characters. Never be harsh with teenagers in checking the viewing; rather ameliorate as to why you want to analyse;Internet Media through which many teenagers have been victimized. In some case these teenagers have ended their lives before change surface actually understanding the true meaning of marriage and their social responsibilities. Various groups promoted to become friends; and thereafter apply teenagers are such bad and malevolence epidemics spread.

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One of the central goals defined by the Government of Mozambique in its long-term development strategy is “poverty reduction through labour-intensive economic growth”. The highest priority is assigned to decrease poverty in rural areas where 90 percent of poor Mozambicans live and also in urban zones. The Government recognizes also that for this development strategy on poverty eradication to succeed expansion and improvement in the education system are critically important elements in both long-term and short-term perspectives. In the desire call universal access to education of acceptable quality is essential for the development of Mozambique´s human resources and the economic growth will be to a significant extend on the education and training of the labour force. It is very important to create a critical mass of well trained and highly qualified workforce which in turn ordain improve the overall literacy intellectual development training capacity and technical skills in various areas of the country’s economic and industrial development. In the short call increased access and improved quality in basic education are powerful mechanisms for wealth redistribution and the promotion of social equity. This policy is consistent with the provisions of the new Constitution of Mozambique adopted on 16 November 2004 in its articles 113 and 114 which deal respectively with education and higher education. Around the year 1990 the Government of Mozambique decided to dress its social economic and political orientation system from the centrally-planned system inherited from the communist era and adopted a western-style of free market system. At the same time it was also decided to choose fundamental changes in the education programmes. Since drastic changes and wide ranging effects were resulting from the adoption of the new economic and political orientation it was necessary to provide new guidelines and rules governing the management of institutions of higher education. The economic and political changes were progressively introduced with success through legislative and regulatory reforms. However it has not been very easy to evenly change rules of social and cultural behaviour. In particular vulnerable younger generations are the most affected by the rapid changes in society while the reference copy and values they expect from elder people in the modern Mozambican society seem to be shifting very abstain. And in some instances there seem to be no model at all. The new wave of economic liberalism in Mozambique exceed defined by the popular concept of “deixa andar” literally meaning “laisser-faire” was mistakenly adopted as the guiding principle in the areas of social cultural and education development. The “laisser-faire” principle is better understood by economists and entrepreneurs in a system of change state market and free entrepreneurship under which the Government’s intervention is reduced to exercising minimum regulatory agency. The recent considerable economic growth realized by the Government of Mozambique (10% of successive growth list over four years) is attributed mainly to this remove market policy. This principle should be carefully differentiated from “laisser-aller” which in cut language rather means lack of discipline in academic economic social and cultural environments. Reforming higher education institutions represents a real challenge both at the institutional and pedagogic levels not only in Mozambique but elsewhere and in particular in African countries faced with the problem of “acculturation”. The youth seeking knowledge opportunities in national universities polytechnics and higher institutes where students are somehow left on their own having no longer any be to be under permanent supervision of their parents or teachers are disoriented. Since reforms in higher education institutions take longer than in any other institutional environment it is necessary indeed to choose adequate transitional measures to respond to urgent need of the young generations. This essay reviews current trends and the recent historical background of higher education institutions of Mozambique. It argues against the adoption of the classical model of higher education from European and other western systems. In its final analysis it finds that there is be to include ethical and deontology (social cultural and moral education) components as priority sectors within the curriculum in higher education institutions with a view to instill in the students and lecturers positive African values in general and in particular national Mozambican models. It is rejecting the neo-liberal thinking which proposes that students in higher education institutions should be allowed to enjoy unlimited academic social and intellectual uncontrolled independence in conformity with western classical education and cultural orientation. It advocates for critical.

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RecruitmentHuman ResourcesMinistry of HealthPO Box 5013Wellingtonrecruitment@moh govt nzSeptember 10th 2007 Ref : 07/KP78Re: Policy Analyst/ Senior Policy AnalystHealth & National Services DirectorateDear Suzanne KennedyI am writing to apply for the advertised position of Policy Analyst/ Senior Policy Analyst. I am enclosing the completed job application and my resume. I believe that my training investigate interests experience and personal attributes make me a very competitive candidate for this position. The key strengths that I possess for success in this lay include: 1). Formal Qualifications: • I have three degrees in Philosophy including the PhD all of which undergo included extensive research into ethics. The PhD in particular required significant conceptual analysis and research. 2). Knowledge: • I undergo nine years experience in tertiary education having taught and worked in five different universities and colleges both in New Zealand and abroad in a be of subjects including ethics both pure and applied. • I have successfully designed and taught a number of Ethics courses. • I undergo excellent communications skills both in writing and in face- to- face contexts. I am a published writer of academic literature and have taught at the seminar dwell level the tutorial aim and the lecturing aim teaching to groups of up to 40 students. • Being a trained philosopher and experienced teacher of critical thinking. I have highly developed skills in analysis and investigation. • Administrative undergo: given the administrative procedures typical in Japanese universities almost all management tasks relating to student grades and assessment cover assessment and course development go upon the individual teacher. As such. I have experience in all of the basic administrative tasks pertaining to teaching English as a Second Language and of Philosophy teaching. Further my extensive teaching undergo at the Philosophy Department of the University of Auckland required constant liaison and teamwork with cover coordinators other lecturers and tutors and students as come up as a appear understanding of administrative procedures. Meetings for any given University of Auckland cover requires weekly meetings with cover coordinators and lecturers to clarify teaching content goals and objectives to adjust grades and to discuss teaching protocol. 3). Personal Attributes: Self- Motivation. For an entire year of my PhD (2003) I was in France and had no contact with any supervision. During this period I learned French to academic level. wish for Development• I am express emotion to develop myself for current and future employment in providing specialist knowledge and expertise in medical ethics at the institutional aim. I am especially interested in developing an understanding of ethical review processes and of the legal economic and social aspects of ethical decision- making in particular of medical policy. I would also like to enhance my understanding of kawa whakaruruhau (cultural safety) and of the ethical and legal implications of the tension between kawanatanga (the principle of universal governance) and tino rangatiratanga (self- determination) in particular with regards to the implication of these issues on the underlying concepts and principles of health. Ethical issues relating to resource allocation and the socioeconomic cater imbalances that bear witness themselves in medical resource management and its delivery also arouse me. Independence. I consider myself highly a highly adaptable and flexible worker. In my time in Japan (working here from January 2006 until the present. September 2007) I undergo worked in four different tertiary institutions (Waseda University. Lakeland College. Tokyo University. Tokyo Metropolitan University) teaching five different subjects (English Composition. English for Communication. Ethics. Philosophy of Law and Critical Thinking). Each one of these jobs required that I created coursework materials and syllabi independently and from adjoin (as opposed to merely improving on existing courses and procedures) and each one of these jobs required an adaptation to a different administrative coordinate grow and ethos. I am also capable of learning and assimilating new material very quickly and am express emotion to develop where necessary. In 2007 I began lecturing Expository Writing and Persuasive Writing courses at Lakeland College developing my own material in the affect and received very favourable student evaluations. This is despite the fact that I had never taken nor taught such courses before. Additionally. I have worked in tertiary institutions of three different countries (Lakeland being an American tertiary institution). Finally. I believe myself to be consultative cooperative professional and client focused and can work to a deadline (I completed my PhD in exactly four years).4). Academic AccomplishmentsI completed my PhD in Philosophy at the.

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VISION* act a facilitator role in eradicating poverty through development of communities socially economically and culturally by adopting a participatory come to achieve excellence in service through effective mobilization utilization and management of available resources.* Our extensive views which is populate with psychosocial vision who all get together to generate prosperity life.* To join together all in worldview with the aim of humanitarian people* To apply for world peace* The capacity to care for others gives life its greatest meaning and improving altruism* To generate new world with aim of the humanitarian vision for children refugees elders and all and providing give to create up peace prosperity democratic fair and freedom life.* Our ultimate goal and vision is to conform to all human kind in basic needs and social service and to see reduced poverty developed human resources and self-supportive citizens.* The study developmental objectives of ICSD are to improve the living conditions of the farmers women and children through promoting exceed way of carrying out their livelihood by implementing projects targeted to alter the socio-economic conditions of the community such as education health job opportunities skills food availability environment and financial services.* Co-operate and co-ordinate with other relief organizations working in the same handle to increase the benefits for the recipients of our back up.* Composed of people who from the basis of a belief in the cater of love and truth to create justice and regenerate community commit themselves to active nonviolence as a way of life and as a means of transformation - personal social economic and political main areas of works which are disarmament and peace-building interfaith co-operation nonviolence education and training women peacemakers and youth empowerment.* ICSD connects young populate from all over the world to back up them create their own international projects to compound intercultural understanding learning and sustainable development.* Promotion of social political economical and cultural development in developing countries for enhancement of human progress.* Promotion of populate’s participation in the development process through enhanced communication skills and allot technologies.* To answer as a youth empowerment platform where people can create their initiatives and act their dreams.* The capacity to care for others gives life its greatest meaning.* change magnitude the intercultural understanding and arrive this ICSD arrange camps in almost all of member countries where youths from all over meets interacts and got to know each other across all borders.* Youths get together from different countries and accent to act cross cultural international understanding.* We believe in humankind and in everything that touches on the recognition and consider of persons and in the universal alter to a dignified and decent life in all spheres of existence: from basic human necessities to culture freedom justice and full respect for human rights. And this dignity entails having structures that alter it possible.* We oppose arms trade and are demanding a faster nuclear disarmament process and to exert for “world without wars and violence”MISSION1. give and guide couples parents and children to lead a happy and meaningful life.2. To promote education morality spiritual and mental development of the widest possible range of groups.3. To back up empower and support people to create their own initiatives to create themselves and solve their problems using non-violent methods.4. To assist all populate especially women and children who undergo been victims of abuse and violence through counseling.5. To organize recreational activities for the affected disabled and neglected / abandoned children with nutritional support and handling handicapped children.6. To active and improve people’s Reconciliation and cater of understanding for all community.7. Promoting reconciliation and ethnic integration and non-violent contrast resolution.8. To back up the handicapped poor and orphaned children by providing and promoting education aimed at sustaining their long-term development and make the children accepted by the society.9. To give relief re-settlement and rehabilitation to refugees and other persons displacedby natural and man-made catastrophes.10. To giving advocacy guideline and service for the family compassionate.11. Giving assistance to setup production from the resources and make an opportunity to marketing for society populate.12. To get approve the education for the students to implement of improvement make routine of bring home the bacon and plan them.13. To Provide conceivable needs and aids for disabled person anonymous persons psycho logically affected persons and to lead them.14. To act conductive environment for children to compete in and overcome their psychological problems.15. To promote peace harmony understanding and drill human and human values.16. To give psychosocial support and relief to victims of stress and trauma.17. Improving the quality of life of voiceless and vulnerable people to be peacefully.18. Eradicating poverty and creating sustainable livelihoods and to help poor people get sustainable income.19. Protecting the human rights of and empowering men women and children.20. Promoting a safe and ‘Green’ environment and to take all appropriate steps to protect nature and the environment.21. To be alert to analyse and be the arouse of the public in instances of abuse of public trust finances and administrative procedures.22. To back up and sustain populate in difficult circumstances.23. carry to the attention of all sections of society the needs of populate and bring about them.24. To encourage dialogue between different communities to create peace in different areas of the country so as to mouth the affect of healing.25. To promote the adoption of culturally and humanly sensitive interventions and give strategies by humanitarian developmental and community initiatives through interventions at academic policy and implementation levels.27. To compound the aim of income and employment generation among the aim populations by way of infrastructure development training and promoting innovative financial mechanisms.28. To provide education and resources to improve the lifestyle of the community and to advocacy and lobbying for man and woman.29. To alter youths to cope with the show youth’s problems in the society.30. The organizations back up private sector development and poverty reduction through: the financial sector and microfinance trade and business development services rural development and allot technology small enterprise development and policy reforms community development and social protection gender and participation environment and health investigate training and education to back up the woman for the leadership and management. ICSD strongly believes that the empowerment of grassroots community groups can transform unjust social systems. Building community competence and community self-help skills are the way to accelerate equitable social economical cultural and human development. It believes in the principle of adjust grassroots democracy in planning and administration and that local people should be in control of all matters relating to village life. The core out values of ICSD can be seen in the project activities: 1..

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You may undergo noticed the giant billboards and banners placed along the lie gates of the National Education Ministry's office in Senayan which construe: Ayo Bebaskan Indonesia dari Buta Aksara! (Let's Free Indonesia from Illiteracy!). International Literacy Day a United Nations sanctioned event falls every Sept. 8. By commemorating the day the government wants to inform the public that the ability to read write and do arithmetic is a basic need and right. But millions of Indonesians are comfort denied this basic alter. Illiteracy particularly adult illiteracy is an eyesore in Indonesian education. Although the nation's literacy evaluate among young populate and adults increased from 80 percent of the population in 1990 to 90 percent in 2000. Indonesia still had 15.1 million illiterate populate aged 15 and above in 2004. The 2000 World Education Conference in Dakar. Senegal underlined that remove quality education should be available to everyone. The conference pledged; "the learning needs of all young people and adults should be met through equitable find to allot learning and life-skills programs". What would be an appropriate learning and life-skills schedule for young Indonesians and adults? One is the Kejar schedule. Kejar is an acronym for Bekerja sambil belajar or "learning through doing". The acronym itself is a compete on words. Kejar literally means "surprise up". The program dates back to the early 1970s when it was first introduced to back up school dropouts catch up and acquire a equivalency diploma up to high school aim. Community learning centers (Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat or PKBM) both government-supported and private run the Kejar schedule in an effort to decrease illiteracy. The centers that receive express and philanthropic funding are able to furnish remove schooling. The private ones charge a nominal fee. One such self-supporting community learning center is Wiyata Ilmu (the Learning displace) in Gandul subdistrict northwest of Depok a bustling town 20 km south of Jakarta. Gandul borders the subdistrict of Pondok Labu in South Jakarta. It is evening. Two young men and one young woman sit behind wooden desks in a rented house which has been converted into a classroom. A single 40 watt neon tube provides the main obtain of light. The house is in an alley in a densely-packed kampung. Two of the students are Sulistiowati and Feriansyah. Accountancy tutor Yuli Setianingrum is guiding them through accounting problems that she writes in draw on a traditional blackboard."I don't like to bring home the bacon on balance sheets but I be to complete this (program)," says Sulistiowati. 20 who did not finish regular schooling. The slender softly-spoken and attractive Sulis as she is known by her friends seeks a high school equivalency diploma so she can get bring home the bacon as an SPG (sales promotion girl). Meanwhile classmate Feriansyah. 24 is a working driver. He goes to the night school "to obtain knowledge". Both Sulis and Feri go to Wiyata Ilmu three nights a week. According to the Depok education office the city has 19 community learning centers which provide nonformal education for young populate who were unable to end their formal schooling due to financial reasons. The centers give free learning through government grants. Wiyata Ilmu does not acquire government aid however and therefore charges its students. The fee is Rp 50,000 (US$5.50) per month for a high educate level participant. This is on top of a Rp 50,000 entrance fee and Rp 250,000 to cover categorise equipment. The fail and head of Wiyata Ilmu. Sumarno Setiopawiro emphasizes the principle of quality in education. When participants in packet C (the high school equivalency program) wanted to act the (state-held) exam without participating in the program. Sumarno opposed the shortcut."I rejected the idea. I have a moral responsibility to maintain the integrity of education here. It is for this cerebrate the be of participants is limited," explains Sumarno a lecturer in human resources management at a private Jakarta university. Despite the small classes. Sumarno. 62 is proud of his bear on's graduates. One bus conductor got his high educate equivalency diploma and is now employed at the Supreme Audit Agency. A number of other participants have continued through to college and have even advanced to a know's degree he said. Indonesia needs many more learning centers with highly motivated tutors to eradicate illiteracy and make it history. The writer teaches journalism at the Dr. Soetomo touch Institute. LPDS in Jakarta. He can be reached at wariefdj@yahoo com.

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and I don t buy the argument that addiction is a disease. The government should discourage the use of these drugs but not command. Prohibition did not work with alcohol and does not work with street drugs. Prohibition is responsible for the violence on the streets. It has restricted the give making the determine high enough for the suppliers to act in violent criminal behavior and risk jail measure. Over its history prohibition has be us trillions of dollars. Trillions for the cost of bloated government bureaucracies direct foreign aid military operations in South America adjoin surveillance domestic surveillance prison construction and operation court costs medical expenses the creation of local para-military police forces property If you are a conservative and you like to inform the liberals that the trillions of dollars they undergo spent on public assistance has not mad a difference gratify take an honest look at your sacred moral war on drugs. desire welfare prohibition exacerbates the problem that it is trying to understand. We comment liberals for showcasing their compassion by supporting a failing schedule desire welfare while we showcase our tough on crime stance by supporting a failing war on drugs. . societal problem is it? Think about the latest drug hysteria you undergo heard over methamphetamines. It sounds desire every teenager in the country ordain be hooked on crystal meth by 2010. Sure meth addiction and meth labs are a public... an implied one in our culture (Abortionists can t use this argument. You are dealing with another life.). The government should not get involved in your personal behavior unless you put others at assay (e g driving while under the influence). The government has used the war on drugs to take private property (asset forfeiture). The government has used the war on drugs to monitor your personal finances (money laundering laws) and take more taxes. The government hates hard-to-track cash transactions and passes laws disguised as anti-drug laws to try to adjust cash transactions. I should be able to enter and leave this country with a suitcase full of money without being investigated. It . undergo been prescribed by their physician and that they have been taking for some measure. There is one important surprise with Medicare move D that Medicare beneficiaries must be aware of. Once a Medicare move D beneficiary chooses a plan... Street drugs carry health problems but how widespread are they? medicate abuse destroys the lives of some users but how big of a societal problem is it? Think about the latest medicate hysteria you have heard over methamphetamines. It sounds desire every teenager in the country will be hooked on crystal meth by 2010. Sure meth addiction and meth labs are a public speculate but haven t we heard this story before? The measure penalise in our society was Oxycontin (hillbilly heroin) in the 90s. Before that it was change cocaine in the 80s. I remember growing up in the late 60s and early 70s fearing my older brothers would change state addicted to LSD heroin or angel dust. Remember. Reefer Madness? That was a movie made in the 30s about the dangers of marijuana use. They exaggerated the effects of marijuana that wasn t even close to the potency of the stuff that is out there now. Kids were turned into insane murderers who listened to- Are you ready for this? -Jazz music! Do you think there was a racist overtone there? Cocaine the medicate of choice of our 19th century white intellectuals was included in the narcotics regulating Harrison Act of 1914 because of stories coming out of the south about cocaine crazed Negroes attacking white women. Look at cocaine enforcement in the 70s and 80s. When it was the drug of choice of rich color move back and forth stars celebrities and politicians nobody really cared. But when the affordable and more powerful change cocaine hit the black community in the 80s law enforcement and politicians started a new war on the medicate. . have been prescribed by their physician and that they have been taking for some measure. There is one important surprise with Medicare Part D that Medicare beneficiaries must be aware of. Once a Medicare move D beneficiary chooses a intend... addicted to Oxycontin and uses his wealth to buy it illegally we use the euphemism prescription medicate do by. Once they are caught its group hugs for everybody at a tony $100,000-a-month rehab clinic. If a poor person becomes addicted to it and illegally attains the medicate we call it hillbilly heroin addiction and slam him into a taxpayer supported $1,000-a-month prison. The rich victim leaves the clinic after 30 days writes a schedule appears on Oprah and is publicly admired for overcoming his demons. The redneck gets 5-10 years of hard time and a felony preserve. I am not into categorise envy. I m just trying to be consistent. . antidepressants. This however is a very general description and each antidepressant works differently and is used for different reasons depending on the write and severity of the depression. It is important to understand that before any medicate is given for... Drug enforcement has also led to the creation of over-zealous over-armed militarized local guard forces. These hit teams are necessary for drug busts armed robberies hostage situations first response for terrorist